When [A] putting [B] in historical perspective, from the time of Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal to [C] the present, the [D] fallen status of government as a protector and benefactor is extraordinary.
A.putting B.in historical perspective C.the present D.fallen
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Whenever the political laws of the United States are to be discussed, it is with the doctrine of the sovereignty of the people that we must begin. The principle of the sovereignty of the people, which is always to be found, more or less, at the bottom of almost all human institutions, generally remains there concealed from view. It is obeyed without being recognized, or if for a moment it is brought to light, it is hastily cast back into the gloom of the sanctuary.“The will of the nation” is one of those phrases, that have been most largely abused by the wily and the despotic of every age. Some have seen the expression of it in the purchased suffrages of a few of the satellites of power; others, in the votes of a timid or an interested minority; and some have even discovered it in the silence of a people, on the sup¬position that the fact of submission established the right to command.In America the principle of the sovereignty of the people is neither barren nor concealed, as it is with some other nations; it is recognized by the customs and proclaimed by the laws; it spreads freely, and arrives without impediment at its most remote consequences. If there is a country in the world where the doctrine of the sovereignty of the people can be fairly appreciated, where it can be studied in its application to the affairs of society, and where its dangers and its advantages may be judged, that country is assuredly America.It has been observed that, from their origin, the sovereignty of the people was the fundamental principle of most of the British colonies in America. It was far, however, from then exercising as much influence on the government of society as it now does. Two obstacles, the one external, the other internal, checked its invasive progress.It could not ostensibly disclose itself in the laws of colonies which were still forced to obey the mother country, it was therefore obliged to rule secretly in the provincial assemblies, and especially in the townships. American society at that time was not yet prepared to adopt it with all its consequences. Intelligence in New England and wealth in the country to the south of the Hudson long exercised a sort of aristocratic influence, which tended to keep the exercise of social power in the hands of a few. Not all the public functionaries were chosen by popular vote, nor were all the citizens voters. The electoral franchise was everywhere somewhat restricted and made dependent on a certain qualification, which was very low in the North and more considerable in the South.The American Revolution broke out, and the doctrine of the sovereignty of the people came out of the townships and took possession of the state. Every class was enlisted in its cause; battles were fought and victories obtained for it; it became the law of the laws.1.The author analyzed the phrase “The will of the nation” as （ ）.2. Sovereignty of the American people in relation to that of other countries is said to be （ ）.3.What observation did the author assert concerning the development of sovereignty?4.Geographically, the author observed the internal power struggle in the colonies based on （ ）.5.The end result of the American Revolution was （ ）.
A.a critical measure of rights B.a means of strength and unification C.a political tool with broad application D.a manifestation of the pursuit of expression
问题2：
A.explicit in behavior and manifested by a judicial system B.implicit in a broad context C.characterized by bleak fundamentals D.born out of its customs
问题3：
A.It began as a binding fundamental principle. B.Americans envisioned two distinct ways of viewing society. C.Fundamentally it extended throughout the region. D.Its authority advanced in executive power.
问题4：
A.dissent over the mother country B.elitism C.a debate over consequences D.the disclosure of laws
问题5：
A.the advent of tenets that control power B.the resolution of class struggle C.the balance of gains D.the manipulation of the masses
How we look and how we appear to other probably worries us more when are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are, and few are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion.Most fashion magazines or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment. Changing fashion, of course, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boy’s hair in the same way as he used to. And girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertisers show us the latest fashionable styles and we are constantly under pressure to follow the fashion in case our friends think we are odd or dull.What causes fashions to change? Sometimes convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion. Take hats, for example. In cold climates, early buildings were cold inside, so people wore hats indoors as well outside. In recent times, the late President Kennedy caused at depression in the American hat industry by not wearing hats; more American men followed his example.There is also a cyclical pattern in fashion. In the 1920s in Europe and America, short skirts became fashionable. After World War Two, they dropped to ankle length. Then they got shorter and shorter the miniskirt was in fashion. After a few more years, shirts became longer again.Today, society is much freer and easier than it used to be. It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone else. Within reason, you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of the way you should because it is the fashion. The popularity of jeans and the “untidy” look seems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashion of the top fashion house.At the same time, appearance is still important in certain circumstances and then we must choose our clothes carefully. It would be foolish to go to an interview for a job in a law firm wearing jeans and a sweater, and it would be discourteous to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going as if we were going to the beach or a night club. However, you need never feel depressed if you don't look like the latest fashion photo.Look around you and you'll see that no one else does either!1.The author believes that people are （ ）.2.Fashion magazines and TV advertisements seem to link fashion to （ ）.3.Causes of fashions are （ ）.4.Present-day society is much freer and easier because it emphasizes （ ）.5.Which is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A.reluctant to follow the trends in fashion B.far from neglecting what is in fashion C.concerned about appearance in old age. D.satisfied with their appearance.
问题2：
A.confidence in life B.individual dress C.individual hair style D.personal future
问题3：
A.uniform B.unknown C.varied D.inexplicable
问题4：
A.uniformity B.formality C.informality D.individuality
问题5：
A.Care about appearance in formal situations B.Fashion in formal and informal situations C.Ignoring appearance in informal situations D.Ignoring appearance in all situations.
We don’t think that his（ ）ability has been well developed.
A.possible B.potential C.initial D.invisible
Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion-a world in which human being could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation.People might not be able to stay alive knowing neither joy nor pleasure, anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn; they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear; people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist; in a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Society’s economic underpinnings （支柱）would be destroyed; since earning $10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $10, there would be no incentive to work.In fact, there would be no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them. In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for use in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an objects’ physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us-hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are ‘‘good’’ and others are “bad' and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life-from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept.In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individual for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war. and used the legal penal system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts.1.The reason why people might not be able to stay alive in a world without emotion is that（ ）.2.According to the passage, people’s learning activities are possible because they （ ）.3.It can be inferred from the passage that the economic foundation of society is dependent on （ ）.4.Emotions are significant for man's survival and adaptation because （ ）.5.The emotional aspects of an objects are more important than its physical aspects in that they（ ）.
A.they would not be able to tell the texture of objects. B.they would not know what was beneficial and what was harmful to them. C.they wo
The technical-social way of life is a deep feature of the species adaptation, but we would err if we assumed a priori that man’s inheritance placed no constraint on his power to adapt.
A.deductively B.paradoxically C.inordinately D.cognitively
