周德清的一部在中国语音学史上具有划时代意义的著作是（）。

A、《四声切韵》

B、《中原音韵》

C、《录鬼簿》

D、《太和正音谱》

[单选]中国的传统语文学研究的薄弱环节是（）
A．文字学
B．语音学
C．词汇学
D．语法学

Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look-say” or “whole-word” method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn” activities recommended by advocates（倡导者）of “open” classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers.However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate” in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted （控诉）the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said--and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed_that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics（语音学）,is far superior.Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.1.The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is（ ）.2.The author indicts the look-say reading approach because（ ）.3.One major difference between the look-say method of learning reading and the phonics method is（ ） .4.The phrase “touch-off”（Para 3）most probably means（ ）.5.According to the author, which of the following statements is true?

A.only logical and natural B.the expected position C.probably a mistake D.merely effective instruction
问题2：
A.it overlooks decoding B.Rudolf Flesch agrees with it C.he says it is boring D.many schools continue to use this method
问题3：
A.look-say is simpler B.Phonics takes longer to learn C.look-say is easier to teach D.phonics gives readers access to far more words
问题4：
A.talk about shortly B.start or cause C.compare with D.oppose
问题5：
A.Phonics approach regards whole-word method as unimportant. B.The whole-word approach emphasizes decoding. C.In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding. D.Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of most common words can be learned.

著名的电话发明家出生在苏格兰的爱丁堡，专攻语音学，成为聋哑教育方面的权威。为了让声音得到其他方式的表达，他钻研电学基本理论，语音学和电学两个方面的修养，使他插上了技术发明的双翅，最终发明了可以将声音转化成电波，又将电波还原成声音的电话机，电话发明家名字叫什么（）

A、格雷厄姆

B、贝尔

C、西门子

D、爱迪生